Ionic mechanism of the excitatory synaptic membrane of the crayfish neuromuscular junction.

1. The reversal potential for the excitatory neuromuscular junction of the crayfish (Cambarus clarkii) was measured using the voltage clamp method. The potential change was recorded with an intracellular microcapillary and the negative phase of the output of the feed-back amplifier was connected to the stainless-steel wire which was inserted longitudinally into the muscle fibre. 2. When the excitatory nerve was stimulated, a transient feed-back current flowed inwardly through the membrane. This current was called the excitatory junctional current (e.j.c.). 3. Reversal potentials were determined by extrapolating the e.j.c.s measured at different membrane potentials. They were about 10-20 mV positive with respect to the bath solution (11-5 +/- 1-2 mV, mean +/- S.E.). 4. The reversal potential for the iontophoretically applied glutamate was identical with that for the e.j.c. 5. In hypertonic solutions, the reversal potentials for e.j.c. and glutamate became more negative. 6. When the sodium concentration of the bath solution was decreased, the reversal potential became more negative. 7. When the chloride and potassium concentration were altered, little, if any, change was observed in the reversal potential. 8. It was concluded that the e.j.c. was carried mainly by sodium ions. Contribution of other ions, possibly calcium ions, was discussed.