Millar S
Br J Psychol. 1975 Nov;66(4):449-59. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1975.tb01480.x.
Non-verbal recall of haptically presented spatial positions by three age groups of blind and sighted children was tested under conditions varying cueing, recall type and stimulus position in a within-subject design. Slighted status was not only significant, but interacted significantly with recall type, and further with stimulus position, consistent with sequential haptic by blind and quasi-simultaneous visual processing by sighted children. Age was significant, but its only significant interaction was a relatively small one with cueing conditions and stimulus position, suggesting that the oldest group, regardless of sightedness, used verbal strategies in pre-cued conditions. The findings support the hypothesis that visual and haptic modalities of representation have demonstrably different effects on processing and efficiency in spatial recall, but counterindicate the hypothesis that these relate differentially to age. Results also suggest that a combination of cue utilization and verbal strategies is a significant, but relatively minor, factor in improvements in spatial recall.
在一项被试内设计中，通过改变提示、回忆类型和刺激位置等条件，对三个年龄组的盲童和视力正常儿童对触觉呈现的空间位置的非言语回忆进行了测试。视力状况不仅具有显著影响，而且与回忆类型有显著交互作用，并且进一步与刺激位置有显著交互作用，这与盲童的顺序触觉处理和视力正常儿童的准同时视觉处理一致。年龄具有显著影响，但其唯一显著的交互作用是与提示条件和刺激位置的一个相对较小的交互作用，这表明年龄最大的组，无论视力如何，在预先提示的条件下使用了言语策略。这些发现支持了这样一种假设，即视觉和触觉表征方式在空间回忆的处理和效率上具有明显不同的影响，但与另一种假设相反，即这些与年龄有不同的关系。结果还表明，提示利用和言语策略的结合是空间回忆改善中的一个重要但相对较小的因素。
