Verdonk R
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium.
Acta Orthop Belg. 2002 Apr;68(2):118-27.
The aims of a meniscal replacement are: 1) to reduce the pain experienced by some patients following meniscus resection; 2) to prevent the degenerative changes of cartilage and the changes in subchondral bone following meniscus resection; 3) to avoid or reduce the risk of osteoarthritis following meniscus resection; 4) to restore optimally the mechanical properties of the knee joint after meniscal resection. The results of meniscus transplantation have been studied in animals. There is no proof from these experiments that replacement of a meniscus can reduce the risk of arthritis, but there are indications that it can decrease the development of cartilage degeneration. In humans, the results of meniscus transplantation have been reported in several series of patients, operated with different techniques. There are no controlled studies of meniscus replacement in humans. In case of meniscal allograft implantation surgery should be minimally invasive, not sacrificing the original meniscal insertion points. It appears preferable to use an open technique in medial transplantation, whereas the arthroscopic approach appears to allow for easier lateral implantation.
1）减轻部分患者半月板切除后所经历的疼痛；2）防止半月板切除后软骨的退行性改变以及软骨下骨的变化；3）避免或降低半月板切除后骨关节炎的风险；4）在半月板切除后最佳地恢复膝关节的力学性能。半月板移植的结果已在动物身上进行了研究。这些实验尚无证据表明半月板置换可降低关节炎风险，但有迹象表明其可减少软骨退变的发生。在人类中，已有多个系列患者接受不同技术手术的半月板移植结果报道。目前尚无关于人类半月板置换的对照研究。在同种异体半月板植入的情况下，手术应微创，不牺牲原半月板附着点。内侧移植似乎采用开放技术更佳，而关节镜入路似乎使外侧植入更容易。
