Huebner David M, Davis Mary C, Nemeroff Carol J, Aiken Leona S
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1104, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 2002 Jun;30(3):327-48. doi: 10.1023/A:1015325303002.
A growing body of research implicates internalized homophobia--the internalization of society's antihomosexual sentiments by gay and lesbian people--as a factor contributing to HIV-related sexual risk behavior in gay and bisexual men. Although accumulating evidence links internalized homophobia and sexual risk behavior, no study has explored the impact of internalized homophobia on efforts to prevent these behaviors. This paper examines the effect of internalized homophobia on gay and bisexual men's awareness of participation in, and perceptions of programs offered by a community-based HIV prevention organization. In Study 1, 595 gay and bisexual men reported their levels of awareness of and participation in HIV prevention programming offered by one community organization. Internalized homophobia was negatively related to men's awareness of the services offered by the organization. However, among the men who were aware of at least one service, internalized homophobia did not further predict service utilization. Study 2 examined 89 gay and bisexual men who participated for a single session in a group-structured, community-based HIV preventive intervention. Pre- to immediate postintervention change in perceptions of condom use self-efficacy was inversely related to internalized homophobia. Internalized homophobia was also a significant negative predictor of the extent to which participants felt similar to and related well with other members of the group. Together, these findings suggest that internalized homophobia may pose multiple barriers to community-based HIV prevention efforts.
越来越多的研究表明，内化的恐同心理——同性恋者对社会反同性恋情绪的内化——是导致男同性恋者和双性恋男性感染艾滋病毒的性风险行为的一个因素。尽管越来越多的证据将内化的恐同心理与性风险行为联系起来，但尚无研究探讨内化的恐同心理对预防这些行为的努力所产生的影响。本文考察了内化的恐同心理对男同性恋者和双性恋男性参与社区艾滋病毒预防组织所提供项目的知晓度以及对这些项目的认知的影响。在研究1中，595名男同性恋者和双性恋男性报告了他们对一个社区组织提供的艾滋病毒预防项目的知晓程度和参与情况。内化的恐同心理与男性对该组织提供的服务的知晓度呈负相关。然而，在那些知晓至少一项服务的男性中，内化的恐同心理并不能进一步预测服务的利用情况。研究2考察了89名男同性恋者和双性恋男性，他们参加了一次基于社区的、小组结构的艾滋病毒预防性干预。干预前到干预后即刻对使用避孕套自我效能感认知的变化与内化的恐同心理呈负相关。内化的恐同心理也是参与者感觉与小组其他成员相似并与他们相处融洽程度的一个显著负向预测因素。这些研究结果共同表明，内化的恐同心理可能对基于社区的艾滋病毒预防工作构成多重障碍。
