Spiegel Sarah, English Denis, Milstien Sheldon
Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2002 May;12(5):236-42. doi: 10.1016/s0962-8924(02)02277-8.
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a sphingolipid metabolite that regulates diverse biological functions. S1P has been identified as a high-affinity ligand for a family of five G-protein-coupled receptors, known as the S1P receptors. The physiological role of the S1P receptor S1P(1) in vascular maturation was recently revealed by gene disruption in mice. In addition to other cellular processes, the binding of S1P to its receptors regulates motility and directional migration of a variety of cell types, including endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. This review focuses on the important role of S1P and its receptors in cell migration and describes a new paradigm for receptor cross-communication in which transactivation of S1P(1) by a receptor tyrosine kinase (PDGFR) is crucial for cell motility.
鞘氨醇-1-磷酸（S1P）是一种鞘脂代谢产物，可调节多种生物学功能。S1P已被确定为一类由五个G蛋白偶联受体组成的家族的高亲和力配体，这些受体被称为S1P受体。最近通过小鼠基因敲除揭示了S1P受体S1P(1)在血管成熟中的生理作用。除了其他细胞过程外，S1P与其受体的结合还调节多种细胞类型的运动性和定向迁移，包括内皮细胞和血管平滑肌细胞。本综述重点关注S1P及其受体在细胞迁移中的重要作用，并描述了一种受体交叉通讯的新范式，其中受体酪氨酸激酶（PDGFR）对S1P(1)的反式激活对细胞运动至关重要。
