Silver Heidi J, Wellman Nancy S
National Policy and Resource Center on Nutrition and Aging, Florida International University, Miami 33199, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2002 Jun;102(6):831-6. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90185-9.
Family caregivers, although uncompensated, provide daily care for more than 75% of the older adults who are dependent on home care technologies such as home enteral nutrition. The high complication rates and poor outcomes seen in older adults suggest that being an effective caregiver requires specialized training in home care technologies, and dietitians need to be more actively involved in discharge planning and follow-up home care. The level of knowledge and skill mastery required for technology-dependent care, along with the chronic, intensive nature of family caregiving and the disruptions in caregivers' daily lives, lead to negative emotional and physical consequences that may interfere with caregivers' ability to do caregiving well. Recognizing that care recipients and caregivers are underserved populations, dietitians should develop their professional competencies and expand their roles in technology-dependent home care. Dietitians can thereby contribute to better outcomes for both family caregivers and older home care recipients.
家庭护理人员虽然没有报酬,但为超过75%依赖家庭护理技术(如家庭肠内营养)的老年人提供日常护理。老年人中出现的高并发症率和不良预后表明,成为一名有效的护理人员需要接受家庭护理技术方面的专业培训,并且营养师需要更积极地参与出院计划和后续家庭护理。依赖技术的护理所需的知识和技能掌握水平,以及家庭护理的长期性、高强度性质和护理人员日常生活的中断,会导致负面的情绪和身体后果,这可能会干扰护理人员做好护理工作的能力。认识到护理接受者和护理人员是服务不足的人群,营养师应发展其专业能力,并在依赖技术的家庭护理中扩大其作用。这样,营养师可以为家庭护理人员和老年家庭护理接受者带来更好的结果。