Manske Thomas, Hultgren Jan, Bergsten Christer
Department of Animal Environment and Health, Section of Field Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 234, SE-53223 Skara, Sweden.
Prev Vet Med. 2002 Jun 25;54(2):113-29. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5877(02)00020-x.
A 2-year experiment on the effect of claw trimming on hoof health was performed in 77 Swedish dairy herds (3444 dairy cattle) selected on herd size, breed composition and membership in the official milk-recording scheme. In the autumn, cows within each herd were blocked according to breed, parity and stage of lactation and allocated to two treatments: autumn trimming (AT) or no autumn trimming (NAT). Outcome variables were claw measurements and prevalence of hoof lesions and lameness (measured at spring trimming) and the need for hoof treatments between scheduled trimmings. At spring trimming, NAT cows had longer and shallower claws than AT cows. The average net growth of the toe wall was greater for AT than for NAT cattle, with a marked variation between housing systems. Most hoof lesions present at AT had disappeared at the subsequent spring trimming. Controlled for clustering by herd-within-year and for the effects of individual-and herd-level covariates, AT cattle at spring trimmings had significantly lower odds of lameness (OR=0.66) and of haemorrhages of the sole or white-line (OR=0.86), sole ulcer (OR=0.59) and white-line fissure or double sole (OR=0.71)-but not of moderate-to-severe heel-horn erosion or dermatitis (OR=0.96). Acute hoof treatments between claw trimmings were more common in the NAT group (OR=2.02).
在77个瑞典奶牛场（3444头奶牛）中进行了一项为期两年的关于修蹄对蹄部健康影响的试验，这些奶牛场是根据牛群规模、品种组成以及是否参与官方牛奶记录计划挑选出来的。秋季时，每个牛群内的奶牛按照品种、胎次和泌乳阶段进行分组，并分为两种处理方式：秋季修蹄（AT）和不进行秋季修蹄（NAT）。观察指标包括蹄部测量数据、蹄部病变和跛行的发生率（在春季修蹄时测量）以及在预定修蹄之间进行蹄部治疗的需求。在春季修蹄时，NAT组奶牛的蹄爪比AT组奶牛的更长且更浅。AT组奶牛的蹄壁平均净生长量比NAT组奶牛更大，不同饲养系统之间存在显著差异。在秋季修蹄时出现的大多数蹄部病变在随后的春季修蹄时消失了。在控制了年内牛群聚类以及个体和牛群水平协变量的影响后，春季修蹄时AT组奶牛跛行（OR = 0.66）、蹄底或白线出血（OR = 0.86）、蹄底溃疡（OR = 0.59）和白线裂缝或双蹄底（OR = 0.71）的几率显著更低，但中度至重度蹄踵角质侵蚀或皮炎的几率（OR = 0.96）没有显著差异。在NAT组中，两次修蹄之间进行急性蹄部治疗的情况更为常见（OR = 2.02）。
