Ichiyama Satoshi
Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507.
Rinsho Byori. 2002 May;50(5):455-62.
Rapid diagnosis and treatment are extensively important for preventing transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: In 1994, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, has published recommendations for the rapid diagnosis in the laboratories, in which smear result should be reported within 24 h, detection and identification within 10 to 14 days, and susceptibility within 15 to 30 days. New technologies, therefore, should be implemented in the laboratory. There have been significant advances in the practice of microbiology. Nucleic acid amplification, rapid culture system, antigen detection, and ATP assay system have provided new approaches to the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis. In the present paper, we review studies which evaluated the reliability, rapidity, and requisite diagnostic capability for each method. Furthermore, we propose an appropriate test algorithm in the clinical laboratories.
1994年，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）发布了实验室快速诊断建议，其中涂片结果应在24小时内报告，检测和鉴定在10至14天内完成，药敏试验在15至30天内完成。因此，实验室应采用新技术。微生物学实践已取得显著进展。核酸扩增、快速培养系统、抗原检测和ATP检测系统为结核病的快速诊断提供了新方法。在本文中，我们回顾了评估每种方法的可靠性、快速性和必要诊断能力的研究。此外，我们还提出了临床实验室中合适的检测算法。
