Effects of d-amphetamine and scopolamine on activity before and after shock in three mouse strains.

In three experiments the following results were obtained: (a) Activity was greater both prior to and following exposure to shock among C57BL/6J mice than in DBA/2J mice, which in turn was greater than that of A/J mice. (b) Scopolamine hydrobromide increased general activity in DBA/2 and A mice, but had either no effect or decreased activity in the C57BL/6 strain. Following exposure to shock, however, the disinhibitory effects of scopolamine were apparent in all three strains. (c) d-amphetamine increased activity in all three strains. Moreover, following the single shock d-amphetamine had excitatory effects among both A and DBA/2 mice such that activity exceeded the level observed with d-amphetamine alone. Following several shock presentations a small but significant excitation was observed in C57BL/6 mice as well. Data were interpreted in terms of disinhibitory and excitatory effects of scopolamine and d-amphetamine, respectively, as well as possible interactions between the catecholaminergic and cholinergic systems. In addition, implications for sources of strain differences in avoidance behavior are discussed.