Cotman Carl W, Berchtold Nicole C
Institute for Brain Aging and Dementia, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-4540, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2002 Jun;25(6):295-301. doi: 10.1016/s0166-2236(02)02143-4.
Extensive research on humans suggests that exercise could have benefits for overall health and cognitive function, particularly in later life. Recent studies using animal models have been directed towards understanding the neurobiological bases of these benefits. It is now clear that voluntary exercise can increase levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and other growth factors, stimulate neurogenesis, increase resistance to brain insult and improve learning and mental performance. Recently, high-density oligonucleotide microarray analysis has demonstrated that, in addition to increasing levels of BDNF, exercise mobilizes gene expression profiles that would be predicted to benefit brain plasticity processes. Thus, exercise could provide a simple means to maintain brain function and promote brain plasticity.
针对人类的广泛研究表明，运动可能对整体健康和认知功能有益，尤其是在晚年。最近使用动物模型的研究旨在了解这些益处的神经生物学基础。现在很清楚，自愿运动可以提高脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和其他生长因子的水平，刺激神经发生，增加对脑损伤的抵抗力，并改善学习和心理表现。最近，高密度寡核苷酸微阵列分析表明，除了提高BDNF水平外，运动还能调动预计会有益于脑可塑性过程的基因表达谱。因此，运动可能提供一种维持脑功能和促进脑可塑性的简单方法。
