Niedoszytko Marek, Chełmińska Marta, Chełmiński Konrad
Klinika Chorób Wewnetrznych, Endokrynologii i Zaburzeń Hemostazy Instytutu Chorób Wewnetrznych AM w Gdańsku.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2002 Apr;12(70):314-7.
Allergic reactions caused by fungi, may be present in the airways, skin, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, skin and to cause systemic reaction. Nasal symptoms react as allergic rhinitis. In a small group of patients the allergic fungal rhinosinusitis is present. It is important, because of the way of treatment, to differentiate the AFS from the other forms of chronic rhinosinusitis. The fungi may cause bronchial asthma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and allergic alveolitis (hypersensitivity pneumonitis). Diagnostics of the allergic reactions caused by fungi includes routine allergological methods, mycologic culture and direct microscopic examination. The process of reaching the diagnosis of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis may require the CT and histopatologic examination. The treatment of fungal allergic reactions includes allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy, antifungal treatment (id reactions) and surgical treatment (allergic fungal rhinosinusitis). The immunotherapy is a valuable, and accepted by the WHO therapy of the Cladosporium and Alternaria sensitive patients.
由真菌引起的过敏反应，可能出现在气道、皮肤、眼睛、胃肠道，也可能累及皮肤并引发全身反应。鼻部症状表现为过敏性鼻炎。一小部分患者会出现变应性真菌性鼻窦炎。鉴于治疗方式的原因，将变应性真菌性鼻窦炎与其他形式的慢性鼻窦炎区分开来很重要。真菌可能引发支气管哮喘、变应性支气管肺曲霉病和过敏性肺泡炎（超敏性肺炎）。真菌引起的过敏反应的诊断包括常规过敏学方法、真菌培养和直接显微镜检查。确诊变应性真菌性鼻窦炎和变应性支气管肺曲霉病可能需要进行CT和组织病理学检查。真菌过敏反应的治疗包括避免接触过敏原、药物治疗、抗真菌治疗（自身过敏反应）和手术治疗（变应性真菌性鼻窦炎）。免疫疗法是一种对枝孢菌和链格孢敏感患者有价值且被世界卫生组织认可的治疗方法。
