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拉丁裔儿童的健康:紧迫的优先事项、未解决的问题及一项研究议程。

The health of Latino children: urgent priorities, unanswered questions, and a research agenda.

作者信息

Flores Glenn, Fuentes-Afflick Elena, Barbot Oxiris, Carter-Pokras Olivia, Claudio Luz, Lara Marielena, McLaurin Jennie A, Pachter Lee, Ramos-Gomez Francisco J, Mendoza Fernando, Valdez R Burciaga, Villarruel Antonia M, Zambrana Ruth E, Greenberg Robert, Weitzman Michael

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA.

出版信息

JAMA. 2002 Jul 3;288(1):82-90. doi: 10.1001/jama.288.1.82.

Abstract

Latinos recently became the largest racial/ethnic minority group of US children. The Latino Consortium of the American Academy of Pediatrics Center for Child Health Research, consisting of 13 expert panelists, identified the most important urgent priorities and unanswered questions in Latino child health. Conclusions were drawn when consensus was reached among members, with refinement through multiple iterations. A consensus statement with supporting references was drafted and revised. This article summarizes the key issues, including lack of validated research instruments, frequent unjustified exclusion from studies, and failure to analyze data by pertinent subgroups. Latino children are at high risk for behavioral and developmental disorders, and there are many unanswered questions about their mental health needs and use of services. The prevalence of dental caries is disproportionately higher for Latino children, but the reasons for this disparity are unclear. Culture and language can profoundly affect Latino children's health, but not enough cultural competency training of health care professionals and provision of linguistically appropriate care occur. Latinos are underrepresented at every level of the health care professions. Latino children are at high risk for school dropout, environmental hazards, obesity, diabetes mellitus, asthma, lack of health insurance, nonfinancial barriers to health care access, and impaired quality of care, but many key questions in these areas remain unanswered. This article suggests areas in which more research is needed and ways to improve research and care of Latino children.

摘要

拉丁裔最近成为美国儿童中最大的种族/族裔少数群体。美国儿科学会儿童健康研究中心的拉丁裔联盟由13名专家小组成员组成,确定了拉丁裔儿童健康方面最重要的紧迫优先事项和未解决的问题。当成员之间达成共识时得出结论,并通过多次迭代进行完善。起草并修订了一份带有支持参考文献的共识声明。本文总结了关键问题,包括缺乏经过验证的研究工具、经常被不合理地排除在研究之外以及未能按相关亚组分析数据。拉丁裔儿童患行为和发育障碍的风险很高,关于他们的心理健康需求和服务使用情况有许多未解决的问题。拉丁裔儿童龋齿患病率过高,但这种差异的原因尚不清楚。文化和语言会深刻影响拉丁裔儿童的健康,但医疗保健专业人员接受的文化能力培训不足,提供的语言适宜性护理也不够。在医疗保健行业的各个层面,拉丁裔的代表性都不足。拉丁裔儿童面临辍学、环境危害、肥胖、糖尿病、哮喘、缺乏医疗保险、获得医疗保健的非财务障碍以及护理质量受损等高风险,但这些领域的许多关键问题仍未得到解答。本文提出了需要更多研究的领域以及改善拉丁裔儿童研究和护理的方法。

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