Shevach Ethan M
Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2002 Jun;2(6):389-400. doi: 10.1038/nri821.
Several mechanisms control discrimination between self and non-self, including the thymic deletion of autoreactive T cells and the induction of anergy in the periphery. In addition to these passive mechanisms, evidence has accumulated for the active suppression of autoreactivity by a population of regulatory or suppressor T cells that co-express CD4 and CD25 (the interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain). CD4+ CD25+ T cells are powerful inhibitors of T-cell activation both in vivo and in vitro. The enhancement of suppressor-cell function might prove useful for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases, whereas the downregulation of these cells might be beneficial for the enhancement of the immunogenicity of vaccines that are specific for tumour antigens.
多种机制控制自我与非自我的区分，包括自身反应性T细胞的胸腺清除以及外周无反应性的诱导。除了这些被动机制外，越来越多的证据表明，一群共表达CD4和CD25（白细胞介素-2受体α链）的调节性或抑制性T细胞可主动抑制自身反应性。CD4+CD25+T细胞在体内和体外都是T细胞活化的强大抑制剂。增强抑制细胞功能可能对免疫介导疾病的治疗有用，而这些细胞的下调可能有利于增强针对肿瘤抗原的疫苗的免疫原性。
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