Hemphill R E, Pascoe F D, Zabow T
S Afr Med J. 1975 Nov 29;49(51):2121-5.
Fifty-two mental hospital cases of acute and chronic schizophrenia and gross behaviour disorders were investigated and observed for 6-12 months during treatment with clozapine. Three-quarters of the acute cases recovered with full occupation capacity. Two-thirds of the chronic cases improved markedly. Antisocial behaviour was controlled in 12 out of the 13 behaviour-disordered group. The improvement in initiative and social capacity was striking and appeared to be due to improved awareness of the environment and the acquisition and handling of useful knowledge. The response to clozapine appears to be specific and relapses occurred when maintenance medication was stopped. It is of value in treating temper states in epilepsy and has the advantage of not causing extrapyramidal symptoms and side-effects are slight after the first week. Maximum improvement may not be reached before 8 weeks. Thereafter the maintenance dose can be small and fluctuations in the illness do not seem to occur. The dosage, side-effects and precautions are discussed. A rating system to display the effect of clozapine on individual parameters as well as on the over-all state was devised for this study.
对52例患有急慢性精神分裂症及严重行为障碍的精神病院患者，在使用氯氮平治疗期间进行了6至12个月的调查和观察。四分之三的急性病例康复，具备完全工作能力。三分之二的慢性病例有明显改善。在13例行为障碍组患者中，12例的反社会行为得到控制。主动性和社交能力的改善显著，似乎是由于对环境的意识提高以及获取和运用有用知识所致。对氯氮平的反应似乎具有特异性，停用维持药物时会复发。它在治疗癫痫的情绪状态方面有价值，且具有不引起锥体外系症状的优点，第一周后副作用轻微。8周前可能无法达到最大改善效果。此后维持剂量可小，病情似乎不会出现波动。文中讨论了剂量、副作用及注意事项。本研究设计了一个评分系统，以显示氯氮平对个体参数以及总体状态的影响。
