[Acute myelogenous leukemia complicated by compartment syndrome].

A 37-year-old woman was diagnosed as having acute myelogenous leukemia. After obtaining complete remission by induction therapy, consolidation therapy was performed. She collapsed during an episode of chemotherapy-induced pancytopenia and developed compartment syndrome of the lower leg a week later. Fasciotomy was performed successfully, and she maintained her complete remission. Early diagnosis and fasciotomy are important in patients with leukemia complicated by compartment syndrome.