Webb Patrick
Food Policy and Applied Nutrition Program, Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA.
J Nutr. 2002 Jul;132(7):2092S-2095S. doi: 10.1093/jn/132.7.2092S.
Humanitarian professionals continue to seek best practice guidelines for famine relief. Many emergency interventions in developing countries draw on recent lessons from the 20th century, although attention has also been paid to historical experiences such as the 19th century evolution of India's Famine Codes and responses to Ireland's famine of the 1840s. This presentation goes further back in time to examine public responses to the pan-European famine of 1816-1817. It finds that many of the experimental actions set in place at that time contributed to a growing public acceptance of the role of government action in times of crisis, while establishing a variety of viable approaches that continue to be used today.
人道主义专业人员仍在寻求饥荒救济的最佳实践指南。发展中国家的许多紧急干预措施借鉴了20世纪的最新经验教训，不过也有人关注历史经验，比如19世纪印度饥荒法典的演变以及对19世纪40年代爱尔兰饥荒的应对措施。本报告将时间回溯得更远，以考察公众对1816 - 1817年泛欧洲饥荒的反应。研究发现，当时采取的许多试验性行动促使公众越来越接受政府在危机时期采取行动的作用，同时确立了各种至今仍在使用的可行方法。
