Redondo María J, Palenzuela Oswaldo, Riaza Ana, Macías Angeles, Alvarez-Pellitero Pilar
Instituto de Acuicultura Torre la Sal (CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain.
J Parasitol. 2002 Jun;88(3):482-8. doi: 10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[0482:ETOESM]2.0.CO;2.
Several experiments were designed to elucidate the modes of transmission of the myxozoan parasite Enteromyxum scophthalmi to turbot Scophthalmus maximus. Direct transmission of the infections was achieved by cohabitation of infected and test fish, through waterborne contamination from the effluent of a tank containing infected fish, and via the oral route using parasite-infected intestines. The transmission of the turbot enteromyxosis was successful in all the fish exposed to the parasite by the 3 routes; accumulated mortality reached 100% at the end of most experiments. The progress of the infections was monitored by study of the histopathology. Influence of the mode of exposure was observed, with the oral route the fastest to initiate the parasite infections. The temperature also affected the course of the infections, which were established earlier at higher water temperature. Direct fish-to-fish transmission of the disease explains the rapid spreading of the turbot enteromyxosis in farms.
设计了多项实验以阐明粘孢子虫寄生虫眼点肠黏孢子虫（Enteromyxum scophthalmi）传播至大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）的模式。通过将感染鱼与受试鱼共同饲养、利用装有感染鱼的水箱排出的污水造成水体污染以及经口投喂感染寄生虫的肠道来实现感染的直接传播。通过这三种途径将寄生虫暴露于所有鱼时，大菱鲆肠黏孢子虫病的传播均取得成功；在大多数实验结束时累积死亡率达到100%。通过组织病理学研究监测感染进程。观察到暴露模式的影响，经口途径引发寄生虫感染最快。温度也影响感染进程，在较高水温下感染更早确立。该病在鱼与鱼之间的直接传播解释了大菱鲆肠黏孢子虫病在养殖场中迅速传播的现象。
