Sanchez Luis A, Perez Marilda, Azziz Ricardo
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35233-7333, USA.
Hum Reprod Update. 2002 Mar-Apr;8(2):169-81. doi: 10.1093/humupd/8.2.169.
Hirsutism affects 5-10% of unselected women, depending on ethnicity and definition. The past two decades have seen the development of lasers for the removal of unwanted hair, using selective destruction of the hair follicle without damage to adjacent tissues. Selective photothermolysis relies on the absorption of a brief radiation pulse by specific pigmented targets, which generates and confines the heat to that selected target. In general, laser hair removal is most successful in patients with lighter skin colours and dark coloured hairs. Some studies have documented the results of laser hair removal in a controlled setting, although few have extended their observations beyond 1 year. In general, treatment with the ruby, alexandrite or diode lasers, or the use of intense pulsed light results in similar success rates, although these are somewhat lower for the neodymium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (nd:YAG) laser. Overall, laser hair removal should not be considered 'permanent', at least when considering the current data available. Repeated therapies are necessary, although complete alopoecia is rarely achieved and it is unclear at what point the maximum benefit is achieved from multiple therapies. While larger prospective, controlled, blinded and uniform studies are still needed, laser hair removal appears to be a useful adjuvant in the treatment of the hirsute patient.
多毛症影响5%至10%未经筛选的女性,具体比例取决于种族和定义。在过去二十年中,出现了用于去除多余毛发的激光技术,其原理是选择性破坏毛囊而不损伤相邻组织。选择性光热解依赖于特定色素靶标对短暂辐射脉冲的吸收,从而产生热量并将其局限于选定的靶标。一般来说,激光脱毛在肤色较浅且毛发颜色较深的患者中最为成功。一些研究记录了在可控环境下激光脱毛的效果,不过很少有研究将观察期延长至1年以上。总体而言,使用红宝石激光、翠绿宝石激光或二极管激光进行治疗,或使用强脉冲光,成功率相似,尽管钕:钇铝石榴石(Nd:YAG)激光的成功率略低。总的来说,至少从现有数据来看,激光脱毛不应被视为“永久性”的。重复治疗是必要的,尽管很少能实现完全脱毛,而且尚不清楚多次治疗在何时能达到最大效果。虽然仍需要更大规模的前瞻性、对照、双盲且统一的研究,但激光脱毛似乎是治疗多毛症患者的一种有用辅助手段。