Rosenfield J, Paksima N
NYU-Hospital for Joint Diseases, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York, New York 10003, USA.
Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 2001;60(3-4):155-61.
Peripheral nerve injuries are commonly seen as a result of domestic, industrial, or military trauma. Sharp objects usually cause these nerve injuries. When assessing these injuries, it is important to evaluate each nerves' motor and sensory function. One must be cognizant of associated injuries such as fractures, vascular damage, and musculotendinous lacerations. The time since the injury, level of injury, and age of the patient are important prognosticators impacting the return of function. Intraoperatively, one must assess the vascularity of the soft tissue bed and the nerve itself, the nerve gap, conduction, and the topography of the fascicles to insure proper orientation. Application of the principles of nerve repair (magnification, minimal tension, meticulous soft tissue handling, experienced surgeon and staff) can enhance the chances for a successful result. Additionally, to maximize functional recovery following peripheral nerve repair, a carefully planned program of postoperative occupational therapy and rehabilitation must be instituted.
外周神经损伤常见于家庭、工业或军事创伤。锐器通常会导致这些神经损伤。在评估这些损伤时，评估每条神经的运动和感觉功能很重要。必须认识到相关损伤，如骨折、血管损伤和肌腱撕裂伤。受伤后的时间、损伤程度和患者年龄是影响功能恢复的重要预后因素。在手术中，必须评估软组织床和神经本身的血运情况、神经缺损、传导以及束膜的局部解剖结构，以确保正确的对位。应用神经修复原则（放大、最小张力、细致的软组织处理、经验丰富的外科医生和工作人员）可增加获得成功结果的机会。此外，为了使外周神经修复后的功能恢复最大化，必须制定精心规划的术后职业治疗和康复计划。
