Leman Eddy S, Getzenberg Robert H
Department of Urology, Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15232, USA.
J Cell Biochem. 2002;86(2):213-23. doi: 10.1002/jcb.10218.
The nuclear matrix (NM) is the structural framework of the nucleus that consists of the peripheral lamins and pore complexes, an internal ribonucleic protein network, and residual nucleoli. The NM contains proteins that contribute to the preservation of nuclear shape and its organization. These protein components better known as the NM proteins have been demonstrated to be tissue specific, and are altered in many cancers, including prostate cancer. Alterations in nuclear morphology are hallmarks of cancer and are believed to be associated with changes in NM protein composition. Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in American men and many investigators have identified unique NM proteins that appear to be specific for this disease. These NM protein changes are associated with the development of prostate cancer, as well as in some cases being indicative of cancer stage. Identification of these NM proteins specific for prostate cancer provides an insight to understanding the molecular changes associated with this disease. This article reviews the role of NM proteins as tumor biomarkers in prostate cancer and the potential application of these proteins as therapeutic targets in the treatment of this disease.
核基质(NM)是细胞核的结构框架,由外周核纤层蛋白和核孔复合体、内部核糖核蛋白网络以及残余核仁组成。核基质包含有助于维持核形状及其组织结构的蛋白质。这些蛋白质成分,即更为人熟知的核基质蛋白,已被证明具有组织特异性,并且在包括前列腺癌在内的许多癌症中会发生改变。核形态的改变是癌症的标志,并且被认为与核基质蛋白组成的变化有关。前列腺癌是美国男性中最常被诊断出的癌症,许多研究人员已经鉴定出了似乎是这种疾病特有的独特核基质蛋白。这些核基质蛋白的变化与前列腺癌的发展相关,并且在某些情况下还可指示癌症分期。鉴定这些前列腺癌特异性的核基质蛋白有助于深入了解与该疾病相关的分子变化。本文综述了核基质蛋白作为前列腺癌肿瘤生物标志物的作用以及这些蛋白作为该疾病治疗靶点的潜在应用。