Robins J C
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Curr Womens Health Rep. 2001 Dec;1(3):196-201.
Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common disorders encountered by the gynecologist. Several drugs have been demonstrated to decrease menstrual bleeding in patients with menorrhagia. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs will decrease bleeding by 30% to 50%. Oral contraceptives may be useful to stop acute bleeding and will decrease menstrual flow by approximately 50%. Tranexamic acid, a plasminogen inhibitor approved for the treatment of hemophilia, will also decrease flow by approximately 50%. Danazol and GnRH analogues both have been used for the treatment of menorrhagia. However, side effects make them unsuitable for long-term use. There are currently two medicated intrauterine devices (IUDs) available in the United States. These IUDs reduce menstrual blood loss by 65% to 85%. Several minimally invasive surgical procedures, including endometrial resection and ablation, may treat menorrhagia in select patients. More recently, various office-based ablation instruments have been developed. These machines conform to the endometrial cavity and may obviate the need for hysteroscopy.
异常子宫出血（AUB）是妇科医生最常遇到的疾病之一。已证实几种药物可减少月经过多患者的月经量。非甾体类抗炎药可使出血量减少30%至50%。口服避孕药可能有助于停止急性出血，并可使月经量减少约50%。氨甲环酸是一种被批准用于治疗血友病的纤溶酶原抑制剂，也可使月经量减少约50%。达那唑和促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）类似物均已用于治疗月经过多。然而，副作用使其不适合长期使用。目前美国有两种含药宫内节育器（IUD）。这些IUD可使月经失血量减少65%至85%。几种微创手术，包括子宫内膜切除术和消融术，可治疗部分患者的月经过多。最近，已开发出各种门诊消融器械。这些机器符合子宫内膜腔的形状，可能无需宫腔镜检查。
