Vieira Elisabeth Meloni, Badiani Rita, Dal Fabbro Amaury Lélis, Rodrigues Antonio Luiz
Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2002 Jun;36(3):263-70. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102002000300002.
To analyze data on contraceptive use in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, collected by the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in 1996.
The study data were compared to 1986 DHS and 1996 data on the Brazilian population. Contraceptive use among married or cohabiting women was evaluated focusing on age, number of children, schooling, and age and timing of female sterilization. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t-test and Kendall's non-parametric test.
Unlike data on the Brazilian population, female sterilization rates were steady in the State of São Paulo during the studied period. The same contraceptive pattern is seen in both Brazil and São Paulo: women aged up to 30 years use largely pills; female sterilization predominates in women over 30, increasing with the number of children and decreasing with years of schooling. Male methods have also increased in recent years, being greater in São Paulo than in Brazil. São Paulo also shows a greater variety of reversible contraceptive methods.
Although there were some differences, the prevalence of only two contraceptive methods in both Brazil and São Paulo suggests a tendency regarding the contraceptive methods offered and in reproductive health in the view of new regulations on family planning.
分析1996年在巴西圣保罗州进行的人口与健康调查（DHS）所收集的避孕使用数据。
将研究数据与1986年的DHS数据以及1996年巴西人口数据进行比较。对已婚或同居女性的避孕使用情况进行评估，重点关注年龄、子女数量、受教育程度以及女性绝育的年龄和时间。使用学生t检验和肯德尔非参数检验进行统计分析。
与巴西人口数据不同，在研究期间圣保罗州的女性绝育率保持稳定。巴西和圣保罗呈现出相同的避孕模式：30岁及以下的女性主要使用避孕药；30岁以上的女性以绝育为主，且随着子女数量的增加而上升，随着受教育年限的增加而下降。男性避孕方法近年来也有所增加，在圣保罗州的比例高于巴西。圣保罗州的可逆避孕方法种类也更多。
尽管存在一些差异，但巴西和圣保罗州仅两种避孕方法的流行情况表明，鉴于计划生育的新规定，在提供的避孕方法和生殖健康方面存在一种趋势。
