Finnegan L P, Mitros T F, Hopkins L E
NIDA Res Monogr. 1979;27:247-53.
A group of eighteen infants which experienced the neonatal abstinence syndrome due to prenatal maternal use of methadone responded adequately to phenobarbital with control of symptoms. By administering the phenobarbital as an initial single loading dose and closely monitoring the blood levels, maintenance dosing could easily be adjusted for variables in infant metabolism and pharmacologic effect. By use of a multifactorial abstinence scoring system, the pharmacologic effects on clinically observed abstinence symptomatology could be closely monitored and correlated with the blood levels. Serum levels of 20-30 mcg/ml were adequate to control all but one infant. Tapering the blood level of phenobarbital to 10-12 mcg/ml and observing no scores over 8 for 72 hours identified the place in time where abstinence was no longer significant and the infant could be discharged without medication.
一组18名因产前母亲使用美沙酮而出现新生儿戒断综合征的婴儿对苯巴比妥反应良好，症状得到控制。通过给予苯巴比妥初始单次负荷剂量并密切监测血药浓度，可根据婴儿代谢和药理作用的变化轻松调整维持剂量。通过使用多因素戒断评分系统，可以密切监测对临床观察到的戒断症状的药理作用，并将其与血药浓度相关联。血清浓度为20 - 30 mcg/ml足以控制除一名婴儿外的所有婴儿。将苯巴比妥血药浓度逐渐降至10 - 12 mcg/ml，并在72小时内观察到评分不超过8分，确定了戒断不再显著且婴儿无需药物即可出院的时间点。
