Frommer J
Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie an der Klinik für Psychiatrie, Medizin der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Germany.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2002 Aug;70(8):418-28. doi: 10.1055/s-2002-33060.
More than a decennium after the reunion of East and West Germany, the psychological sequelae of traumatic experiences of East Germans are still evident. There were not only about 300 000 people imprisoned for political reasons in the German Democratic Republic between 1945 and 1989, partly exposed to physical and psychological torture, but also much more people subject of subthreshold traumatic experiences by harassment in public and private life. As a result, under a psychiatric perspective it should be taken into account not only specific post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), characterized by relieving of the traumata in intrusive flashbacks, avoidance of circumstances associated with the traumatic experiences, and increased psychological sensitivity and arousal, but also specific Adjustment disorders, or cultural shocks: many people of the former GDR had to deal with adjustment difficulties of different types to the new cultural environment after the reunion, which could be characterized as becoming intimate with post-modern Western culture within a process of identity development. This process encloses different phases or stages discussed under psychopathologic and psychodynamic perspective.
在东德和西德重新统一十多年后，东德人创伤经历的心理后遗症依然明显。1945年至1989年期间，在德意志民主共和国，不仅有大约30万人因政治原因被监禁，部分人遭受了身心折磨，还有更多人在公共和私人生活中因受到骚扰而经历阈下创伤体验。因此，从精神病学角度来看，不仅应考虑以在侵入性闪回中重温创伤、回避与创伤经历相关的情境以及心理敏感性和唤醒增加为特征的特定创伤后应激障碍（PTSD），还应考虑特定的适应障碍或文化冲击：许多前东德人在统一后面临着适应新文化环境的各种困难，这可以被描述为在身份发展过程中与后现代西方文化亲密接触。这一过程包含了在精神病理学和精神动力学视角下讨论的不同阶段。
