Morgan J E
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
J Glaucoma. 2002 Aug;11(4):365-70. doi: 10.1097/00061198-200208000-00015.
There has been some debate concerning the selective loss of retinal ganglion cells belonging to the magnocellular pathway in early glaucoma. Although histologic studies of retinal ganglion cells in experimental and human glaucoma have suggested selective loss of the larger cells and, by implication, selective damage to the magnocellular pathway, this has not been confirmed using psychophysical tests. Recent studies of retinal ganglion cell morphology in experimental glaucoma provide evidence that retinal ganglion cells undergo morphologic changes prior to cell death; cell volume is reduced in surviving cells with corresponding reductions in the size of the axon and dendritic tree. The magnitude of these changes is consistent with cell shrinkage as an explanation for the apparent selective damaged reported in earlier studies. It is also likely that widespread changes in the retinal ganglion cell population precede cell death, which will affect the physiologic behavior of these cells.
关于早期青光眼患者大细胞通路所属视网膜神经节细胞的选择性丧失，一直存在一些争论。尽管对实验性和人类青光眼患者视网膜神经节细胞的组织学研究表明，较大的细胞会选择性丧失，这意味着大细胞通路会受到选择性损伤，但这尚未通过心理物理学测试得到证实。近期对实验性青光眼患者视网膜神经节细胞形态的研究提供了证据，表明视网膜神经节细胞在死亡前会发生形态变化；存活细胞的细胞体积减小，轴突和树突树的大小也相应减小。这些变化的程度与细胞萎缩一致，这可以解释早期研究中报道的明显选择性损伤。视网膜神经节细胞群体在细胞死亡前也可能发生广泛变化，这将影响这些细胞的生理行为。
