Paakkunainen U, Raittinen P, Viikari J, Seppänen R, Simell O
Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Calcif Tissue Int. 2002 Sep;71(3):219-26. doi: 10.1007/s00223-001-2030-x. Epub 2002 Aug 12.
To analyze the effects of low-saturated fat, low-cholesterol diet on bone in healthy children, calcaneal ultrasound measurements were obtained in 139 subjects (71 girls, 68 boys; mean age 8 years, SD 0.5), who were recruited from the STRIP (Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project) trial. Speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and quantitative ultrasound index (QUI) values were determined at the dominant heel using a Hologic Sahara scanner. Values were compared with anthropometry and mean, energy-adjusted dietary intakes (absolute intake/1000 kcal) of fat, carbohydrates, protein, cholesterol, calcium, fiber, and the polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio derived from 4-day food diaries kept once a year between the ages of 2-7 years. The intakes were also analyzed separately at each time point. The BUA, SOS, and QUI values of the intervention children (n = 90) and the control children (n = 49) were similar. No gender differences were found. BUA correlated with age (r = 0.26, P<0.01), height (r = 0.19, P<0.05), and weight (r = 0.22, P<0.05). QUI correlated with mean intake of fat (r = 0.19, P<0.05) and carbohydrate (r = -0.22, P<0.05), SOS with mean intake of cholesterol (r = 0.18, P<0.05), and BUA with mean intake of carbohydrate (r = -0.22, P<0.05). The intakes of fat and cholesterol were lower (P<0.001) and intakes of protein and carbohydrates higher (P<0.01) in the intervention children, but the intakes of calcium were similar. The differences in the dietary intakes persisted throughout the study period. We conclude that dietary counseling aimed at reducing risk of atherosclerosis in later life does not decrease dietary intake of calcium or diminish the calcaneal ultrasound values in the intervention of children in this study. However, since this study is cross-sectional and only one measurement of bone is used, further studies are needed to draw further conclusions about the influence of dietary counseling on bone health.
为分析低饱和脂肪、低胆固醇饮食对健康儿童骨骼的影响，我们对139名受试者（71名女孩，68名男孩；平均年龄8岁，标准差0.5）进行了跟骨超声测量，这些受试者来自STRIP（图尔库特殊冠心病危险因素干预项目）试验。使用Hologic Sahara扫描仪在优势足跟处测定声速（SOS）、宽带超声衰减（BUA）和定量超声指数（QUI）值。将这些值与人体测量数据以及根据2至7岁期间每年记录一次的4天食物日记得出的脂肪、碳水化合物、蛋白质、胆固醇、钙、纤维的平均能量调整饮食摄入量（绝对摄入量/1000千卡）和多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比例进行比较。摄入量也在每个时间点分别进行分析。干预组儿童（n = 90）和对照组儿童（n = 49）的BUA、SOS和QUI值相似。未发现性别差异。BUA与年龄（r = 0.26，P<;0.01）、身高（r = 0.19，P<;0.05）和体重（r = 0.22，P<;0.05）相关。QUI与脂肪平均摄入量（r = 0.19，P<;0.05）和碳水化合物（r = -0.22，P<;0.05）相关，SOS与胆固醇平均摄入量（r = 0.18，P<;0.05）相关，BUA与碳水化合物平均摄入量（r = -0.22，P<;0.05）相关。干预组儿童的脂肪和胆固醇摄入量较低（P<;0.001），蛋白质和碳水化合物摄入量较高（P<;0.01），但钙摄入量相似。整个研究期间饮食摄入量的差异持续存在。我们得出结论，旨在降低晚年动脉粥样硬化风险的饮食咨询在本研究中并未减少儿童干预组的钙饮食摄入量或降低跟骨超声值。然而，由于本研究是横断面研究且仅使用了一次骨骼测量，需要进一步研究以得出关于饮食咨询对骨骼健康影响的进一步结论。
