Fatmi Z, Avan B I
Department of Community Health Sciences and The Human Development Programme, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
J Pak Med Assoc. 2002 Apr;52(4):138-42.
Majority of the women in the developing countries are unable receive antenatal care for a variety of reasons. This study determines the factors affecting utilisation of antenatal care by women of a rural area in Sindh, Pakistan.
A cross-sectional study was conducted during August 1997, in Union Council Jhangara, Sindh, Pakistan. Married women, who had delivered at least one child, were included in the study from each household and systematically 222 eligible women were selected. The effects of demographic, socio-economic and environmental factors on the utilisation of antenatal care, by women during their most recent pregnancy were also studied. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess independent effect of individual factors.
Among the study subjects, 29.3% (65) of the women utilised antenatal care during the last (most recent) pregnancy and out of them 72.3% (47) received it from the government health care provider. Presence of electricity in the house was strongly associated with the utilisation of antenatal care (AOR = 5.3; 95% CI 2.2-12.7). Women whose husbands were in white-collar occupation, were utilizing the antenatal care significantly more (AOR = 2.4; 95% CI 1.2-4.6) compared to women whose husbands were in blue-collar occupations.
The study shows that social status and economic condition of a woman is an important determinant of utilisation of antenatal care. Therefore, improvement of socioeconomic status is required to increase utilization of antenatal and perinatal care.
由于多种原因，发展中国家的大多数妇女无法获得产前护理。本研究确定了影响巴基斯坦信德省农村地区妇女产前护理利用情况的因素。
1997年8月在巴基斯坦信德省詹加拉乡开展了一项横断面研究。从每个家庭中纳入至少生育过一个孩子的已婚妇女，系统选取了222名符合条件的妇女。还研究了人口、社会经济和环境因素对妇女在最近一次怀孕时利用产前护理的影响。采用多因素logistic回归分析评估个体因素的独立作用。
在研究对象中，29.3%（65名）妇女在最后一次（最近一次）怀孕时利用了产前护理，其中72.3%（47名）从政府医疗服务提供者处获得了该护理。家中通电与产前护理的利用密切相关（比值比=5.3；95%置信区间2.2-12.7）。与丈夫从事蓝领职业的妇女相比，丈夫从事白领职业的妇女显著更多地利用产前护理（比值比=2.4；95%置信区间1.2-4.6）。
该研究表明，妇女的社会地位和经济状况是产前护理利用的重要决定因素。因此，需要提高社会经济地位以增加产前和围产期护理的利用率。
