Koss Mary P, Figueredo Aurelio José, Prince Ronald J
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2002 Aug;70(4):926-41.
Four nested, theoretically specified, increasingly complex models were tested representing cognitive mediation of rape's effects on mental, physical, and social health. Data were cross-sectional (N = 253 rape survivors). Outcomes were standardized assessments of social maladjustment, physical, and psychological symptoms, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The best-fitting model was not fully cognitively mediated. Personological and rape characteristics influenced the level of self-blame experienced and the intensity of maladaptive beliefs about self and others. Self-blame and maladaptive beliefs predicted psychological distress, which strongly influenced all health outcomes. Self-ratings of rape memory characteristics contributed little to predicting postrape distress. The model accounted for 56% of the variance in general distress, including 91% of psychological symptom severity; 54% of PTSD symptoms; 65% of social maladjustment; and 17% of physical symptoms. Longitudinal replication is planned.
对四个嵌套的、理论上明确的、日益复杂的模型进行了测试，这些模型代表了强奸对心理、身体和社会健康影响的认知中介作用。数据为横断面数据（N = 253名强奸幸存者）。结果是对社会适应不良、身体和心理症状的标准化评估，包括创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。最佳拟合模型并非完全由认知中介。人格特征和强奸特征影响了自责水平以及对自我和他人的适应不良信念的强度。自责和适应不良信念预测了心理困扰，而心理困扰对所有健康结果都有强烈影响。强奸记忆特征的自我评分对预测强奸后困扰的贡献很小。该模型解释了一般困扰中56%的方差，包括心理症状严重程度的91%；PTSD症状的54%；社会适应不良的65%；以及身体症状的17%。计划进行纵向重复研究。
