Cazenave J P
Nouv Rev Fr Hematol (1978). 1979;21(4):391-402.
Platelet adhesion to the subendothelium of the vessel wall and to its collagen component plays a key role in hemostasis, thrombosis, and the development of atherosclerosis. In order to study the mechanisms of platelet adhesion and eventually to inhibit adhesion, it has been necessary to develop methods that measure platelet adhesion quantitatively in vivo and in vitro. In this article, the methods that are used to measure platelet adhesion are reviewed critically with emphasis on their aims, advantages, and disadvantages. The methods that are used to measure platelet adhesion can be divided in five groups: (1) methods that use an aggregometer to measure platelet adhesion to collagen in the presence of EDTA; (2) methods that use binding of radiolabeled collagen, affinity chromatography, or gel filtration; (3) the morphometric method of Baumgartner that measures platelet interaction with the subendothelium of an aorta exposed to flow in an annular perfusion chamber; (4) the quantitative isotopic measurement of platelet adhesion to collagen-coated surfaces and to subendothelium with the rotating probe device of Cazenave; and (5) in vivo platelet adhesion to the subendothelium measured by the morphometric method or with platelets radiolabeled with 51Cr or 111In. With these methods is has been possible to study the factors (Ca2+; VIII: von Willebrand factor; hemodynamic factors: red cells, shear rate; components of the vessel wall) governing platelet adhesion to subendothelium and to collagen. It has also been possible to screen and study drugs inhibiting platelet adhesion, which is the first step in the formation of a thrombus at the site of vascular injury.
血小板与血管壁内皮下层及其胶原成分的黏附在止血、血栓形成和动脉粥样硬化发展过程中起着关键作用。为了研究血小板黏附的机制并最终抑制黏附，有必要开发能够在体内和体外定量测量血小板黏附的方法。在本文中，我们将对用于测量血小板黏附的方法进行批判性综述，重点关注其目的、优点和缺点。用于测量血小板黏附的方法可分为五类：（1）在EDTA存在下使用凝集仪测量血小板与胶原黏附的方法；（2）使用放射性标记胶原的结合、亲和层析或凝胶过滤的方法；（3）鲍姆加特纳的形态计量学方法，该方法在环形灌注室中测量血小板与暴露于血流的主动脉内皮下层的相互作用；（4）使用卡泽纳夫旋转探针装置对血小板与胶原包被表面及内皮下层的黏附进行定量同位素测量；（5）通过形态计量学方法或用51Cr或111In放射性标记的血小板在体内测量血小板与内皮下层的黏附。通过这些方法，得以研究控制血小板与内皮下层及胶原黏附的因素（钙离子；VIII：血管性血友病因子；血液动力学因素：红细胞、剪切速率；血管壁成分）。还能够筛选和研究抑制血小板黏附的药物，这是血管损伤部位血栓形成的第一步。
