Shima E, Svoboda I F, Tsutsumi S, Ohkubo H
Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan.
Water Sci Technol. 2002;45(12):63-9.
Recently, the size of livestock farms in Japan has been expanding and the pollution from farm wastes has become a serious problem in rural areas. Therefore it is necessary to design treatment strategies and improve the recycling of livestock manure for sustainability of agriculture in Japan. The dairy cattle waste management systems were studied at dairy farms in Aomori prefecture and in Hokkaido, Japan. The four farms, typical for the respective regions in Japan, were investigated on the basis of the land and livestock size, housing, overall farm and waste management, type of machinery and a farm labour force. A statistical comparison was made for housing, milking and waste handling systems of dairy farms. One of the waste handling strategies was aerobic slurry treatment and land irrigation of the treated liquid fraction. Such methods began to solve some of waste management problems created since 1967 in grassland farming areas of Hokkaido. The irrigation system supplies water fertiliser and organic material to land as well as shortening the spreading times. It recycles livestock resources, increases the soil fertility and rationalizes the farm management.
近年来，日本畜牧场的规模不断扩大，农场废弃物造成的污染已成为农村地区的一个严重问题。因此，有必要设计处理策略并改善家畜粪便的循环利用，以实现日本农业的可持续发展。对日本青森县和北海道的奶牛场的奶牛粪便管理系统进行了研究。根据土地和牲畜规模、畜舍、农场整体情况和粪便管理、机械类型以及农场劳动力，对这四个代表日本各地区典型情况的农场进行了调查。对奶牛场的畜舍、挤奶和粪便处理系统进行了统计比较。其中一种粪便处理策略是进行好氧泥浆处理，并对处理后的液体部分进行土地灌溉。这种方法开始解决自1967年以来北海道草地养殖区出现的一些粪便管理问题。灌溉系统为土地提供水肥和有机物质，同时缩短了撒播时间。它使家畜资源得到循环利用，提高了土壤肥力，并使农场管理更加合理。
