Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University Institute of Technology of Asturias (IUTA), University of Oviedo, 33203 Gijón, Spain.
Waste Manag. 2011 Aug;31(8):1745-51. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.03.015. Epub 2011 Apr 19.
Four dairy cattle farms considered representative of Northern Spain milk production were studied. Cattle waste was characterised and energy consumption in the farms was inventoried. Methane emissions due to slurry/manure management and fuel consumption on the farms were calculated. The possibility of applying anaerobic digestion to the slurry to minimise emissions and of using the biogas produced to replace fossil fuels on the farm was considered. Methane emissions due to slurry management (storage and use as fertiliser) ranged from 34 to 66kg CH(4)cow(-1)year(-1) for dairy cows and from 13 to 25kg CH(4)cow(-1)year(-1) for suckler calves. Cattle on these farms are housed for most of the year, and the contribution from emissions from manure dropped in pastures is insignificant due to the very low methane conversion factors. If anaerobic digestion were implemented on the farms, the potential GHG emissions savings per livestock unit would range from 978 to 1776kg CO(2)eq year(-1), with the main savings due to avoided methane emissions during slurry management. The methane produced would be sufficient to supply digester heating needs (35-55% of the total methane produced) and on-farm fuel energy requirements.
对被认为具有代表性的四家位于西班牙北部的奶牛养殖场进行了研究。对奶牛废物进行了特征描述，并对农场的能源消耗进行了清查。计算了由于粪肥/粪便管理和农场燃料消耗而产生的甲烷排放量。考虑了将粪肥进行厌氧消化以减少排放的可能性，以及利用产生的沼气替代农场化石燃料的可能性。由于粪肥管理（储存和用作肥料）而产生的甲烷排放量，对于奶牛来说，范围为 34 至 66kg CH(4)cow(-1)year(-1)，对于哺乳小牛来说，范围为 13 至 25kg CH(4)cow(-1)year(-1)。这些农场的牛大部分时间都被圈养，由于甲烷转化因子非常低，牧场中粪便排放的贡献微不足道。如果在农场实施厌氧消化，每个牲畜单位的温室气体减排潜力将在 978 至 1776kg CO(2)eq year(-1)之间，主要的减排量来自于粪肥管理过程中避免的甲烷排放。产生的甲烷将足以满足消化器加热需求（总甲烷产量的 35-55%）和农场燃料能源需求。
