Koivula Meeri, Paunonen-Ilmonen Marita, Tarkka Marja-Terttu, Tarkka Matti, Laippala Pekka
Department of Nursing Science, 33014 University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
J Clin Nurs. 2002 Sep;11(5):622-33. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2702.2002.00653.x.
The purpose of this study was to ascertain social support resources available for patients awaiting coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and the effect of social support on their fear and anxiety. A postal questionnaire was sent to 270 patients awaiting CABG in one hospital, 207 of whom responded. Norbeck's Social Support Questionnaire (NSSQ) was used. The quality of basic cardiac information (QBCI) and the social support wanted (WSS) by patients were measured with an instrument developed for this study. Fear was measured with the Bypass Grafting Fear Scale (BGFS) developed for this study. Anxiety was measured with Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The results were analysed using frequency and percentage distributions, cross-tabulation, non-parametric tests and logistic regression. Heart patients' spouses provided the most emotional and tangible aid. Low emotional support from the social network was associated with high anxiety. Half the patients rated the quality of basic information as good or excellent. Those who perceived the quality of information to be excellent experienced mild fear. Those who displayed high fear wanted informational support from nurses more often than patients with lower fear. We conclude that the fear and anxiety of patients awaiting CABG are connected with their social support resources.
本研究的目的是确定等待冠状动脉搭桥术（CABG）的患者可获得的社会支持资源，以及社会支持对其恐惧和焦虑的影响。向一家医院的270名等待CABG的患者发送了邮政问卷，其中207人做出了回应。使用了诺贝克社会支持问卷（NSSQ）。通过为本研究开发的一种工具来测量患者的基本心脏信息质量（QBCI）和想要的社会支持（WSS）。使用为本研究开发的搭桥恐惧量表（BGFS）来测量恐惧。使用斯皮尔伯格状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）来测量焦虑。使用频率和百分比分布、交叉表、非参数检验和逻辑回归对结果进行分析。心脏病患者的配偶提供了最多的情感和实际帮助。社交网络中低情感支持与高焦虑相关。一半的患者将基本信息质量评为良好或优秀。那些认为信息质量优秀的患者经历了轻度恐惧。表现出高度恐惧的患者比恐惧程度较低的患者更经常希望从护士那里获得信息支持。我们得出结论，等待CABG的患者的恐惧和焦虑与他们的社会支持资源有关。
