Hofmann U B, Becker J C, Bröcker E B
Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Hautkrankheiten, Julius-Maximilians Universität, Würzburg, Germany.
Hautarzt. 2002 Sep;53(9):587-95. doi: 10.1007/s00105-001-0301-0.
Cutaneous melanoma is an invasive and early metastazising tumor. Melanoma cells detach from the primary tumor, penetrate the basement membrane, invade lymphatics and blood vessels, and form metastases. These processes all depend on coordinated expression and/or activation of proteolytic enzymes. In addition to aspartyl- and cysteineproteinases, serine proteinases including the plasminogen activator system (uPA, uPAR, tPA, PAI-1 and PAI-2) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) with their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) play an essential role in these processes. In addition, melanoma cells require specific adhesion molecules such as integrins and CD44 for interaction with other cells and components of the extracellular matrix (ECM); these are also involved in binding activated MMPs on the cell surface. In this review we discuss these functional aspects of melanoma progression.
皮肤黑色素瘤是一种具有侵袭性且早期易转移的肿瘤。黑色素瘤细胞从原发肿瘤脱离，穿透基底膜，侵入淋巴管和血管，并形成转移灶。这些过程均依赖于蛋白水解酶的协同表达和/或激活。除了天冬氨酸蛋白酶和半胱氨酸蛋白酶外，丝氨酸蛋白酶包括纤溶酶原激活系统（尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂、尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂受体、组织型纤溶酶原激活剂、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物-1和纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物-2）以及基质金属蛋白酶及其组织抑制剂在这些过程中发挥着重要作用。此外，黑色素瘤细胞需要特定的黏附分子如整合素和CD44来与其他细胞及细胞外基质成分相互作用；这些分子也参与将活化的基质金属蛋白酶结合在细胞表面。在本综述中，我们讨论黑色素瘤进展的这些功能方面。
