Kirby Russell S
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milwaukee Clinical Campus, University of Wisconsin Medical School, USA.
Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2002;8(3):182-7. doi: 10.1002/mrdd.10034.
This article begins with a discussion of the concepts of comorbidity and co-occurrence of diseases and health conditions. These concepts are then applied to the literature on the population-based prevalence of developmental disabilities and birth defects. Most of the existing literature focuses on co-occurrence and obtains data from both clinical and administrative sources. Developmental disabilities occur more frequently in children with multiple, rather than with isolated, birth defects. More research, with more sophisticated study designs, will be necessary to further elucidate the contributions of birth defects to the etiology of developmental disabilities, control for other risk factors, and to identify strategies for prevention and intervention services.
本文开篇讨论了疾病和健康状况的共病及并发概念。这些概念随后被应用于关于发育障碍和出生缺陷的人群患病率的文献中。现有大多数文献关注的是并发情况，并从临床和行政来源获取数据。发育障碍在患有多种而非单一出生缺陷的儿童中更为常见。需要开展更多采用更精密研究设计的研究，以进一步阐明出生缺陷对发育障碍病因的影响，控制其他风险因素，并确定预防和干预服务的策略。
