Robertson E. J., Leech R. M.
Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO1 5DD, United Kingdom.
Plant Physiol. 1995 Jan;107(1):63-71. doi: 10.1104/pp.107.1.63.
Cell and chloroplast development were characterized in young Triticum aestivum cv Hereward leaves grown at ambient (350 [mu]L L-1) or at elevated (650 [mu]L L-1) CO2. In elevated CO2, cell and chloroplast expansion was accelerated by 10 and 25%, respectively, in the first leaf of 7-d-old wheat plants without disruption to the leaf developmental pattern. Elevated CO2 did not affect the number of chloroplasts in relation to mesophyll cell size or the linear relationship between chloroplast number or size and mesophyll cell size. No major changes in leaf anatomy or in chloroplast ultrastructure were detected as a result of growth in elevated CO2, but there was a marked reduction in starch accumulation. In leaf sections fluorescently tagged antisera were used to visualize and quantitate the amount of cytochrome f, the [alpha]- and [beta]-subunits of the coupling factor 1 in ATP synthase, D1 protein of the photosystem II reaction center, the 33-kD protein of the extrinsic oxygen-evolving complex, subunit II of photosystem I, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. A significant finding was that in 10 to 20% of the mesophyll cells grown in elevated CO2 the 33-kD protein of the extrinsic oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II and cytochrome f were deficient by 75%, but the other proteins accumulated normally.
对在环境二氧化碳浓度（350 μL L⁻¹）或高浓度二氧化碳（650 μL L⁻¹）条件下生长的小麦品种Hereward幼叶中的细胞和叶绿体发育进行了表征。在高浓度二氧化碳环境中，7日龄小麦植株第一片叶中的细胞和叶绿体扩张速度分别加快了10%和25%，且未扰乱叶片发育模式。高浓度二氧化碳并未影响叶绿体数量与叶肉细胞大小的关系，也未影响叶绿体数量或大小与叶肉细胞大小之间的线性关系。未检测到高浓度二氧化碳环境下生长导致叶片解剖结构或叶绿体超微结构发生重大变化，但淀粉积累显著减少。在叶片切片中，使用荧光标记抗血清来可视化和定量细胞色素f、ATP合酶中偶联因子1的α和β亚基、光系统II反应中心的D1蛋白、外在放氧复合体的33-kD蛋白、光系统I的亚基II以及核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶的含量。一个重要发现是，在高浓度二氧化碳环境中生长的叶肉细胞中，有10%至20%的细胞中，光系统II外在放氧复合体的33-kD蛋白和细胞色素f缺失75%，但其他蛋白正常积累。
