MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002 Sep 11;51 Spec No:6-8.
The terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11,2001, created an occupational health and safety challenge for New York City (NYC) firefighters and rescue workers responding to the disaster. Immediate respiratory hazards included explosions, fire, falling debris, and dust clouds containing particulate matter comprised of pulverized building materials. Ongoing risks included lingering particulate matter in the air and intermittent combustion products from initial and persistent fires beneath the rubble pile. Because the nature and extent of exposures in disaster situations are complex and difficult to characterize, the use of adequate personal protective equipment (PPE), including respiratory protection, is essential in protecting the health of firefighters and other rescue workers. During the weeks after September 11, the NYC Fire Department's Bureau of Health Services (FDNY-BHS) and CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) organized a collaborative study to evaluate occupational hazards and exposures for these workers, including their use of respiratory protection. This report summarizes the results of that study, which indicate that the majority of firefighters did not use adequate respiratory protection during the first week of the rescue/recovery operation.
2001年9月11日对世界贸易中心（WTC）的恐怖袭击，给纽约市（NYC）应对这场灾难的消防员和救援人员带来了职业健康与安全方面的挑战。直接的呼吸危害包括爆炸、火灾、坠落的碎片以及含有由粉碎的建筑材料构成的颗粒物的尘云。持续存在的风险包括空气中残留的颗粒物以及废墟堆下初期和持续火灾产生的间歇性燃烧产物。由于灾难情况下暴露的性质和程度复杂且难以描述，使用包括呼吸防护在内的适当个人防护装备（PPE）对于保护消防员和其他救援人员的健康至关重要。在9月11日之后的几周里，纽约市消防局卫生服务局（FDNY - BHS）和美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）组织了一项合作研究，以评估这些工人面临的职业危害和暴露情况，包括他们对呼吸防护的使用。本报告总结了该研究的结果，结果表明在救援/恢复行动的第一周，大多数消防员没有使用足够的呼吸防护装备。
