Vasectomy has 1 of the lowest incidences of side effects when compared with other contraceptive methods. No deaths have been attributed to the procedure in developed countries. Selected largescale studies in Great Britain, Korea, and the US between 1973-74, show that the overall incidence of complications is less than 5/100 vasectomies performed. Minor side effects immediately following vasectomy include discomfort, swelling and bruising of the scrotal skin, all of which usually disappear without treatment. Complications, such as hemorrhage and infection, can occur after any surgery. Other possible complications include epididymitis and sperm granuloma. Epididymitis is an infection of the epididymis frequently associated with a previous history of infection. Sperm granuloma, a chronic inflammatory reaction, may develop as a result of leakage of sperm from the cut ends of the vas. Occasionally the body fails to resorb the granuloma casuing it to become troublesome and require further treatment. Although considered virtually 100% effective, vasectomy can fail because, among other reasons, the cut ends of the vas may reconnect (spontaneous reanastomosis). This occurs, however, in less than 1% of cases. The overall incidence of either hematoma, epididmyitis or infection is less than 2%; sperm for granuloma, less than 1%. Vasectomy provides a means of permanent birth control with a minimum percentage of complications and a maxium percentage of effectiveness and safety.
与其他避孕方法相比，输精管切除术的副作用发生率是最低的之一。在发达国家，尚无因该手术导致死亡的病例。1973 - 1974年间在英国、韩国和美国进行的部分大规模研究表明，输精管切除术的总体并发症发生率低于每100例手术中出现5例。输精管切除术后立即出现的轻微副作用包括阴囊皮肤不适、肿胀和瘀伤，所有这些通常无需治疗即可消失。任何手术都可能发生出血和感染等并发症。其他可能的并发症包括附睾炎和精子肉芽肿。附睾炎是附睾的一种感染，常与既往感染史有关。精子肉芽肿是一种慢性炎症反应，可能是由于输精管断端精子泄漏所致。偶尔，身体无法吸收肉芽肿，导致其变得麻烦并需要进一步治疗。尽管输精管切除术实际上被认为是100%有效的，但它可能会失败，原因之一是输精管断端可能重新连接（自发性再吻合）。然而，这种情况发生的概率不到1%。血肿、附睾炎或感染的总体发生率低于2%；精子肉芽肿的发生率低于1%。输精管切除术提供了一种永久性避孕手段，并发症发生率最低，有效性和安全性最高。
