Fain J, Chabannes J, Péri G, Jourde J
Neurochirurgie. 1975 Nov;21(6):493-506.
The authors present a classification of trauma to the cranial base, based on observation in 80 cases. There are five types. Type I : involves only the anterior wall of the frontal sinus. Type II : involves the face (craniofacial disjunction of the Lefort II type or crush face) and extend upward to the cranial base and, in occurency, to the anterior wall of the frontal sinus, because of the facial retrusion. Type III : ivolves frontal part of the skull and extend down to the cranial base. Type IV : is a combination of types II and III. Type V : involves only ethmoidal or sphenoidal bones. Cerebrospinal fluid leak is unfrequent in types II, and transitionnal, if it occurs ; but it often occurs in types III, IV and V which include in every case a dural tear. Correct diagnosis facilitates treatment. Fractures of types I and II can be fully treated by maxillo-facial surgeons, whereas for types III, IV, and V, they need the help of a neuro-surgeon.
作者基于对80例病例的观察，提出了一种颅底创伤的分类方法。共有五种类型。I型：仅累及额窦前壁。II型：累及面部（Lefort II型颅面分离或粉碎性面部骨折），并向上延伸至颅底，由于面部后缩，偶尔也会累及额窦前壁。III型：累及颅骨前部并向下延伸至颅底。IV型：是II型和III型的组合。V型：仅累及筛骨或蝶骨。脑脊液漏在II型中不常见，若出现则为过渡性；但在III型、IV型和V型中经常出现，这几种类型每种情况下都伴有硬脑膜撕裂。正确的诊断有助于治疗。I型和II型骨折可由颌面外科医生进行全面治疗，而III型、IV型和V型骨折则需要神经外科医生的协助。
