Van Marrewijk C, Verbeek J
J Popul Econ. 1993;6(1):67-81. doi: 10.1007/BF00164339.
"We opt in this study to endogenize the growth rate of the population in such a way that it stresses the empirically supported negative relation between fertility and per capita income. Fertility declines as per capita income rises." The authors conclude that "the less developed economy can get stuck in a variant of the 'Malthusian trap', also called the poverty trap. The only way out of the poverty trap is through an injection of capital (a large transfer) from abroad. Our model therefore, supports...[the] view that aid from the developed countries to the less developed countries has to be increased dramatically...to overcome the poverty trap...."
“在本研究中，我们选择以内生方式确定人口增长率，以强调生育率与人均收入之间得到实证支持的负相关关系。随着人均收入上升，生育率下降。”作者得出结论称，“欠发达经济体可能陷入一种‘马尔萨斯陷阱’变体，也称为贫困陷阱。摆脱贫困陷阱的唯一途径是从国外注入资本（大规模转移）。因此，我们的模型支持……这样一种观点，即发达国家对欠发达国家的援助必须大幅增加……以克服贫困陷阱……”
