Barham B, Boucher S
J Dev Econ. 1998 Apr;55(2):307-31. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3878(98)90038-4.
"This paper examines the net effects of migration and remittances on income distribution. Potential home earnings of migrants are imputed, as are the earnings of non-migrants in migrant households, in order to construct no-migration counterfactuals to compare with the observed income distribution including remittances. The earnings functions used to impute migrant home earnings are estimated from observations on non-migrants in a selection-corrected estimation framework which incorporates migration choice and labor-force participation decisions. For a sample of households in Bluefields, Nicaragua, migration and remittances increase income inequality when compared with the no-migration counterfactual."
本文考察了移民和汇款对收入分配的净影响。估算了移民的潜在国内收入以及移民家庭中非移民的收入,以便构建无移民反事实情况,与包括汇款在内的观察到的收入分配情况进行比较。用于估算移民国内收入的收入函数是在一个选择校正估计框架中,根据对非移民的观察估计得出的,该框架纳入了移民选择和劳动力参与决策。对于尼加拉瓜布卢菲尔德的一个家庭样本,与无移民反事实情况相比,移民和汇款加剧了收入不平等。