从难民到移民：萨尔瓦多移民与活动家的合法化策略

From refugees to immigrants: the legalization strategies of Salvadoran immigrants and activists.

作者信息

Coutin S B

出版信息

Int Migr Rev. 1998 Winter;32(4):901-25.

Abstract

"The legalization strategies pursued by Salvadoran immigrants and activists from the 1980s to the present demonstrate that migrants' and advocates' responses to policy changes reinterpret law in ways that affect future policy. Law is critical to immigrants' strategies in that [U.S.] legal status is increasingly a prerequisite for rights and services and that immigration law is embedded in other institutions and relationships. Immigration law is defined, however, not only when it is first formulated but also as it is implemented, enabling the immigrants who are defined according to legal categories to shape the definitions that categorization produces. Immigrants and activists also take formal legal and political actions, such as lobbying Congress and filing class action suits. Through such formal and informal policy negotiations, immigrants seek to shape their own and their nations' futures."

摘要

从20世纪80年代至今，萨尔瓦多移民及其活动人士所推行的合法化策略表明，移民及其倡导者对政策变化的应对方式会以影响未来政策的方式重新诠释法律。法律对移民策略至关重要，因为在美国，合法身份日益成为享有权利和服务的先决条件，而且移民法嵌入于其他机构和关系之中。然而，移民法不仅在最初制定时得以界定，在实施过程中也会被界定，这使得依据法律类别被界定的移民能够塑造分类所产生的定义。移民及其活动人士还会采取正式的法律和政治行动，比如游说国会和提起集体诉讼。通过此类正式和非正式的政策谈判，移民试图塑造他们自己以及他们国家的未来。