Stahl C W
Asian Pac Migr J. 1995;4(2-3):211-32. doi: 10.1177/011719689500400203.
"Emigration pressures are primarily the result of increasing inequalities between countries which, in turn, are the result of factors internal to less developed countries and their relations with developed countries. Both micro (neoclassical) and macrostructural theories of migration are reviewed. It is argued that the neoclassical theory of migration is often unjustly criticized and is sufficiently robust to incorporate those structural considerations which are at the core of macrostructural theories. Moreover, the neoclassical theory, with slight modification, can incorporate the ¿new economics of migration.' The major empirical problem confronting models of international labor migration is that migration flows are constrained by immigration policy. This policy, in turn, is influenced by various special interest groups. The direction and form of migration flows is conditioned by contemporary and historical relationships between source and destination countries."
移民压力主要是国家间不平等加剧的结果，而这种不平等反过来又是欠发达国家内部因素及其与发达国家关系的结果。本文回顾了微观（新古典）和宏观结构的移民理论。有人认为，新古典移民理论常常受到不公正的批评，并且具有足够的稳健性来纳入那些作为宏观结构理论核心的结构因素。此外，新古典理论稍作修改就可以纳入“新移民经济学”。国际劳动力移民模型面临的主要实证问题是移民流动受到移民政策的限制。而这种政策又受到各种特殊利益集团的影响。移民流动的方向和形式取决于来源国和目的地国之间的当代和历史关系。
