Cohen Michele, Post Gerald S
Department of Clinical Sciences, Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2002 Sep-Oct;16(5):510-7. doi: 10.1892/0891-6640(2002)016<0510:wtitka>2.3.co;2.
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by an inability of the kidney to concentrate urine despite adequate concentration of vasopressin in blood and is characterized by polyuria, polydipsia, and hyposthenuria in the presence of plasma hyperosmolality. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is the result of defects in water homeostasis in the kidney. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus occurs when the kidneys cannot or do not respond to vasopressin. There are 2 categories of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a rare, inherited, irreversible cause of polyuria and polydipsia in humans that is even rarer in animals. Acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is more common and is often secondary to illness or medication that interferes with the action of vasopressin in the renal tubules. Unlike congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, acquired or secondary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is often reversible with correction of the associated or causative problem.
肾性尿崩症是由肾脏在血液中血管加压素浓度充足的情况下仍无法浓缩尿液所引起的，其特征为在血浆渗透压升高时出现多尿、烦渴和低渗尿。肾性尿崩症是肾脏水稳态缺陷的结果。当肾脏无法或不响应血管加压素时，就会发生肾性尿崩症。肾性尿崩症有两类。先天性肾性尿崩症是人类多尿和烦渴的一种罕见、遗传性、不可逆病因，在动物中更为罕见。获得性肾性尿崩症更为常见，通常继发于干扰血管加压素在肾小管中作用的疾病或药物。与先天性肾性尿崩症不同，获得性或继发性肾性尿崩症通常可通过纠正相关或致病问题而逆转。
