Ishida B. K.
Western Regional Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710.
Plant Cell. 1991 Mar;3(3):219-223. doi: 10.1105/tpc.3.3.219.
To develop a system with which to study fruit ripening, in vitro ovary cultures were initiated from tomato flowers. As reported previously [Nitsch, J.P. (1951). Am. J. Bot. 38, 566-577], tomato fruit ripened after 6 to 7 weeks, but calyces swelled unexpectedly, lost their green color, and gradually became red and succulent. Investigations were conducted, therefore, to verify the occurrence of the ripening process in the calyx. Ethylene production increased in both ripening fruit and red calyx, as did tissue contents of its immediate precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. In addition, an increase in the mRNA of polygalacturonase [poly(1,4-[alpha]-D-galacturonide) glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.15], an enzyme that in tomato is present in large amounts only in ripening fruit, was established in both ripe fruit and red calyx by RNA gel blot analysis. Ultrastructural studies showed that the disruption of cell walls in red calyx was indistinguishable from that occurring in ripe tomato fruit. Thus, the developmental program of the calyx changed in several aspects to resemble that of tomato fruit.
为了开发一个用于研究果实成熟的系统，从番茄花中开始进行离体子房培养。如先前报道 [尼奇，J.P.（1951年）。《美国植物学杂志》38卷，566 - 577页]，番茄果实在6至7周后成熟，但花萼意外肿胀，失去绿色，逐渐变红且多汁。因此，进行了研究以验证花萼中成熟过程的发生情况。成熟果实和红色花萼中的乙烯产量均增加，其直接前体1 - 氨基环丙烷 - 1 - 羧酸的组织含量也增加。此外，通过RNA凝胶印迹分析确定，多聚半乳糖醛酸酶[聚（1,4 - [α] - D - 半乳糖醛酸）葡聚糖水解酶，EC 3.2.1.15]的mRNA增加，该酶在番茄中仅大量存在于成熟果实中，在成熟果实和红色花萼中均如此。超微结构研究表明，红色花萼中细胞壁的破坏与成熟番茄果实中发生的情况无法区分。因此，花萼的发育程序在几个方面发生了变化，类似于番茄果实的发育程序。
