Muratsu Seiji, Ninomiya Toshio, Kagoshima Yasushi, Matsui Junji
Forensic Science Laboratory, Hyogo Prefectural Police Headquarters, Kobe, Japan.
J Forensic Sci. 2002 Sep;47(5):944-9.
Synchrotron radiation total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (SR-TXRF) was utilized to analyze various trace elements in small amounts of drugs of abuse. Sample amounts of 1 microL solutions containing 10 microg of drugs (methamphetamine, amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, cocaine, and heroin) were spotted on silicon wafers for direct analysis. In addition, a leaflet of marijuana was set directly on a silicon wafer, and opium in the form of a soft lump was smeared on another silicon wafer for analysis. In these experiments, about 10 pg of contaminant elements could be detected. For example, in a seized methamphetamine sample, iodine was found, which could be indicative of synthetic route. In seized 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine samples, variable amounts of phosphorus, calcium, sulfur, and potassium were found, which could not be detected in a control 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine sample. For marijuana and opium, two spectral patterns were obtained that were far different from each other and could be easily discriminated. Using SR-TXRF, pg amounts of each trace element in 10 microg of various drugs can be easily detected, which is not the case either for a standard TXRF experimental system or for other elemental analysis techniques.
同步辐射全反射X射线荧光光谱法（SR-TXRF）被用于分析少量滥用药物中的各种微量元素。将含有10微克药物（甲基苯丙胺、苯丙胺、3,4-亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺、可卡因和海洛因）的1微升溶液样品点在硅片上进行直接分析。此外，将一片大麻叶直接放在硅片上，将软块状鸦片涂抹在另一片硅片上进行分析。在这些实验中，可以检测到约10皮克的污染元素。例如，在一个查获的甲基苯丙胺样品中发现了碘，这可能表明其合成路线。在查获的3,4-亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺样品中，发现了不同含量的磷、钙、硫和钾，而在对照的3,4-亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺样品中未检测到这些元素。对于大麻和鸦片，获得了两种彼此差异很大且易于区分的光谱图。使用SR-TXRF，可以轻松检测出10微克各种药物中皮克级的每种微量元素，这对于标准TXRF实验系统或其他元素分析技术来说都并非如此。
