Kwon Paul, Laurenceau Jean-Philippe
Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman 99164, USA.
J Clin Psychol. 2002 Oct;58(10):1305-21. doi: 10.1002/jclp.10043.
A ten-week prospective longitudinal study was conducted to test the diathesis-stress component of the hopelessness theory and to test whether negative attributional style leads to an increased exposure to stressors. Participants completed initial measures of attributional style and depressive symptoms followed by weekly assessments of depressive symptoms and daily hassles. Consistent with the diathesis-stress hypothesis, Hierarchical Linear Modeling revealed that attributional style moderated the impact of daily hassles on depressive symptoms. Negative attributional style predicted greater depressive symptom reactivity in response to stress. The results also indicated that attributional style was not predictive of the number of subsequent daily hassles. Thus, the data were supportive of a differential reactivity to stress model, but not supportive of a differential exposure to stress model. Implications for understanding the mechanisms involved in the hopelessness theory are discussed.
开展了一项为期十周的前瞻性纵向研究，以检验绝望理论的素质-应激成分，并检验消极归因方式是否会导致更多地暴露于应激源。参与者完成了归因方式和抑郁症状的初始测量，随后每周对抑郁症状和日常烦恼进行评估。与素质-应激假说一致，分层线性模型显示归因方式调节了日常烦恼对抑郁症状的影响。消极归因方式预示着对应激的抑郁症状反应性更强。结果还表明，归因方式不能预测随后日常烦恼的数量。因此，数据支持应激差异反应模型，但不支持应激差异暴露模型。文中讨论了这些结果对理解绝望理论所涉及机制的意义。
