Warburton Michael J, Bernardini Francesca
Department of Cellular Pathology, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, SW17 0RE, London, UK.
Neurosci Lett. 2002 Oct 11;331(2):99-102. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00841-8.
Tripeptidyl peptidase-I (TPP-I) is a lysosomal exopeptidase which removes tripeptides from the N-terminus of small proteins. Mutations in the TPP-I gene result in a lethal neurodegenerative disease, late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. The pathological consequences of loss of activity are only manifested in neuronal cells suggesting that TPP-I may be involved in the lysosomal degradation of neuropeptides. We have investigated the degradation of the C-terminal octapeptide of sulphated cholecystokinin (CCK-8S) by a lysosomal fraction purified from mouse brain. Degradation products were characterised by reversed phase HPLC and mass spectrometry. Incubation of CCK-8S with brain lysosomes results in the sequential removal of the tripeptides DY(SO(3)H)M and Glycl-Tryptophanyl-Methionine from the N-terminus of CCK-8S. Degradation of CCK-8S in the isolated lysosomal fraction is completely prevented by Ala-Ala-Phe-chloromethyl ketone, an inhibitor of TPP-I. Butabindide, a specific inhibitor of TPP-II, a cell surface peptidase which also cleaves CCK-8S, inhibits TPP-I but kinetic studies indicate that the Ki for inhibition of TPP-I is 1000-fold higher than the Ki for the inhibition of TPP-II. Consequently, higher concentrations of butabindide are required for the inhibition of CCK-8S degradation by TPP-I than by TPP-II. These results indicate that whereas cell surface TPP-II is responsible for regulating extracellular CCK-8S levels, lysosomal TPP-I is largely responsible for the degradation of CCK-8S which enters the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis.
三肽基肽酶-I(TPP-I)是一种溶酶体外肽酶,可从小蛋白质的N端去除三肽。TPP-I基因突变会导致一种致命的神经退行性疾病,即晚期婴儿神经元蜡样脂褐质沉积症。活性丧失的病理后果仅在神经元细胞中表现出来,这表明TPP-I可能参与神经肽的溶酶体降解。我们研究了从小鼠脑纯化的溶酶体组分对硫酸化胆囊收缩素(CCK-8S)C端八肽的降解。通过反相高效液相色谱和质谱对降解产物进行了表征。CCK-8S与脑溶酶体孵育会导致从CCK-8S的N端依次去除三肽DY(SO(3)H)M和甘氨酰-色氨酰-甲硫氨酸。TPP-I的抑制剂丙氨酰-丙氨酰-苯丙氨酸氯甲基酮可完全阻止分离的溶酶体组分中CCK-8S的降解。丁苯地尔是TPP-II的特异性抑制剂,TPP-II是一种也能切割CCK-8S的细胞表面肽酶,它能抑制TPP-I,但动力学研究表明,抑制TPP-I的Ki比抑制TPP-II的Ki高1000倍。因此,与TPP-II相比,抑制TPP-I介导的CCK-8S降解需要更高浓度的丁苯地尔。这些结果表明,虽然细胞表面的TPP-II负责调节细胞外CCK-8S水平,但溶酶体中的TPP-I在很大程度上负责通过受体介导的内吞作用进入细胞的CCK-8S的降解。