Mazurek Jacek, Czarkowski Mirosław P
Zakład Epidemiologii Państwowego Zakładu Higieny ul. Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warszawa.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2002;56(2):217-25.
The decreasing tendency in incidence of infectious diseases observed in Poland in previous years as compared with 2000 has weakened or stopped. Increase in the incidence of selected infectious diseases can be linked with the improvement of surveillance resulting from the better diagnostics and greater attention paid to these diseases (including borreliosis, salmonella, and Haemophilus influenzae meningitis). Between 1999 and 2000, the most intense decrease in the number of mumps, measles, and scarlet fever cases as an effect of the end of epidemics was observed. At the same time increase in the number of pertussis, rubella, chickenpox, and meningitis cases was noticed. In 2000, the first case of human rabies since 1986 has been reported. In 2000, compared with 1999, among all notified deaths percentage of deaths attributed to infectious diseases (0.83%) and infectious diseases death rate (0.79 per 10,000) were slightly higher and were the highest in the last decade. As in 1999 the observed increase was effect of the influenza deaths increase (358 deaths, mortality 0.022%). The main disease causing the largest number of deaths, as in previous years, was tuberculosis (36.5% of total infectious diseases deaths).
与2000年相比,波兰前些年观察到的传染病发病率下降趋势已经减弱或停止。部分传染病发病率的上升可能与监测改善有关,这得益于诊断水平提高以及对这些疾病(包括莱姆病、沙门氏菌和流感嗜血杆菌脑膜炎)的更多关注。1999年至2000年期间,由于疫情结束,腮腺炎、麻疹和猩红热病例数出现了最剧烈的下降。与此同时,百日咳、风疹、水痘和脑膜炎病例数有所增加。2000年报告了自1986年以来的首例人间狂犬病病例。2000年与1999年相比,在所有通报死亡病例中,归因于传染病的死亡百分比(0.83%)和传染病死亡率(每10000人中有0.79人)略高,是过去十年中最高的。与1999年一样,观察到的增长是流感死亡人数增加(358例死亡,死亡率0.022%)的结果。与往年一样,导致死亡人数最多的主要疾病是结核病(占传染病死亡总数的36.5%)。