Yoon Howard W, Gibson Charles E, Barnes Patricia Y
Division of Optical Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.
Appl Opt. 2002 Oct 1;41(28):5879-90. doi: 10.1364/ao.41.005879.
A detector-based spectral irradiance scale has been realized at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Unlike the previous NIST spectral irradiance scales, the new scale is generated with filter radiometers calibrated for absolute spectral power responsivity traceable to the NIST high-accuracy cryogenic radiometer instead of with the gold freezing-point blackbody. The calibrated filter radiometers are then used to establish the radiance temperature of a high-temperature blackbody (HTBB) operating near 3,000 K The spectral irradiance of the HTBB is then determined with knowledge of the geometric factors and is used to assign the spectral irradiances of a group of 1,000-W free-electron laser lamps. The detector-based spectral irradiance scale results in the reduction of the uncertainties from the previous source-based spectral irradiance scale by at least a factor of 2 in the ultraviolet and visible wavelength regions. The new detector-based spectral irradiance scale also leads to a reduction in the uncertainties in the shortwave infrared wavelength region by at least a factor of 2-10, depending on the wavelength. Following the establishment of the spectral irradiance scale in the early 1960s, the detector-based spectral irradiance scale represents a fundamental change in the way that the NIST spectral irradiance scale is realized.
美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）已实现了一种基于探测器的光谱辐照度标度。与之前的NIST光谱辐照度标度不同，新的标度是通过经校准的滤光片辐射计产生的，这些滤光片辐射计针对可溯源至NIST高精度低温辐射计的绝对光谱功率响应率进行了校准，而不是使用金凝固点黑体。然后，使用经校准的滤光片辐射计来确定工作在3000 K附近的高温黑体（HTBB）的辐射温度。接着，利用几何因子知识确定HTBB的光谱辐照度，并用于确定一组1000瓦自由电子激光灯的光谱辐照度。基于探测器的光谱辐照度标度使紫外和可见光波长区域的不确定度比之前基于光源的光谱辐照度标度至少降低了一半。新的基于探测器的光谱辐照度标度还使短波红外波长区域的不确定度降低了至少2至10倍，具体取决于波长。自20世纪60年代初建立光谱辐照度标度以来，基于探测器的光谱辐照度标度代表了NIST实现光谱辐照度标度方式的根本性变化。
