Lichtenegger Helga C, Schöberl Thomas, Bartl Michael H, Waite Herbert, Stucky Galen D
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
Science. 2002 Oct 11;298(5592):389-92. doi: 10.1126/science.1075433.
Biominerals are widely exploited to harden or stiffen tissues in living organisms, with calcium-, silicon-, and iron-based minerals being most common. In notable contrast, the jaws of the marine bloodworm Glycera dibranchiata contain the copper-based biomineral atacamite [Cu2(OH)3Cl]. Polycrystalline fibers are oriented with the outer contour of the jaw. Using nanoindentation, we show that the mineral has a structural role and enhances hardness and stiffness. Despite the low degree of mineralization, bloodworm jaws exhibit an extraordinary resistance to abrasion, significantly exceeding that of vertebrate dentin and approaching that of tooth enamel.
生物矿物被广泛用于强化或硬化生物体内的组织，其中钙基、硅基和铁基矿物最为常见。与之形成显著对比的是，海生血虫双鳃盖甘油虫的颚中含有铜基生物矿物氯铜矿[Cu2(OH)3Cl]。多晶纤维与颚的外部轮廓方向一致。通过纳米压痕测试，我们发现这种矿物具有结构作用，并能提高硬度和刚度。尽管矿化程度较低，但血虫的颚表现出非凡的耐磨性，大大超过脊椎动物的牙本质，接近牙釉质的耐磨性。
